As the golden hues of autumn settle in and the cool breeze signals the arrival of October, one of China’s most cherished traditional holidays is just around the corner—Chongyang Festival (重阳节), also known as the Double Ninth Festival. Celebrated on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, this festival holds deep cultural significance, blending themes of filial piety, respect for elders, and the appreciation of nature’s beauty.
The Origins of Chongyang Festival
Chongyang, meaning “double nine,” derives from the ancient Chinese cosmology that associates the number nine with yang (阳) energy, representing vitality, masculinity, and strength. According to Chinese tradition, the ninth day of the ninth month carries a double dose of yang energy, making it an auspicious time to celebrate.
One of the most popular legends associated with the Chongyang Festival is that of Huan Jing, a man who learned the art of sword fighting to defeat a demon that terrorized his village. After training under an immortal, Huan Jing returned to his village on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month and led the villagers to higher ground, avoiding the demon’s destruction and ultimately defeating it. Since then, climbing to high places has become a tradition during this festival, symbolizing the warding off of bad luck.
Traditions and Customs of Chongyang Festival
Chongyang Festival is celebrated with a variety of customs, each with its own special meaning. Some of the most popular traditions include:
Climbing Mountains: Ascending to high places, such as mountains or scenic viewpoints, is a key activity during Chongyang Festival. It symbolizes reaching new heights in life and is also believed to bring good fortune. In many parts of China, families and friends gather to hike together, enjoying the breathtaking autumn scenery and the fresh air. For those in Yunnan, this might mean hiking up the Western Hills in Kunming or exploring the rugged beauty of Tiger Leaping Gorge.
Enjoying Chrysanthemums: Chrysanthemums (菊花) hold a special place in the Chongyang Festival as they bloom in the cooler autumn weather, making them a symbol of longevity and resilience. Drinking chrysanthemum tea or chrysanthemum wine is a common tradition, believed to ward off illness and enhance health. Yunnan is known for its rich flora, and during this season, fields of vibrant chrysanthemums bloom, creating stunning landscapes in places like Dali and Lijiang.
Respecting Elders: As a festival that emphasizes respect and care for the elderly, many families use this time to visit their elders, show appreciation, and spend quality time together. Some might take the opportunity to enjoy outdoor activities with grandparents, share meals, and offer gifts, like warm clothing or tonics that promote health and longevity.
A Unique Way to Experience Chongyang Festival in Yunnan
Yunnan Province, with its picturesque landscapes and diverse cultural heritage, offers a unique backdrop for celebrating the Chongyang Festival. Here are some of the best ways to experience the festival while traveling in this region:
Hiking through the Scenic Terraces of Yuanyang: Climbing the stunning rice terraces of Yuanyang during Chongyang not only aligns with the festival’s tradition but also offers panoramic views of the meticulously crafted landscapes. As the harvest season wraps up, the terraces reflect the autumn sky, creating a spectacular sight.
Exploring the Ancient Town of Dali: Wander through the ancient streets of Dali Old Town, where the Bai people celebrate with their own unique customs. You can join local families in climbing Cangshan Mountain, and afterward, enjoy a cup of chrysanthemum tea in one of Dali’s quaint teahouses.
Visiting the Mountain Villages around Shangri-La: Nestled in the Tibetan Plateau, Shangri-La’s high-altitude scenery provides an ideal place for a Chongyang hike. Visit the tranquil Pudacuo National Park or take a walk in the foothills of Meili Snow Mountain to honor the festival’s tradition of connecting with nature.
Celebrating Longevity and Good Health
At its heart, Chongyang Festival is a time to cherish life, celebrate the beauty of the autumn season, and honor the wisdom and experience of the elderly. It encourages us to seek harmony with nature, climb to new heights, and embrace the vibrant energy of life. As the leaves turn golden and the air grows crisp, it’s a reminder to be grateful for the moments we share with loved ones and to take the time to reflect on the journey of life.
Whether you find yourself hiking a mountain, sipping chrysanthemum tea, or simply enjoying the company of family and friends, Chongyang Festival is a beautiful way to celebrate the spirit of autumn. And if you happen to be in Yunnan, this festival offers a chance to explore the province’s stunning landscapes while partaking in a tradition that has been cherished for centuries.